Hypothesis: The species diversity in a single horizontal layer will be less than in a vertical cross section of many layers.
Research Proposal: We plan to take samples from six different layers of the spillway at Ceasars Creek. We will then sift through these samples and separate the different speicies from one another. Once separated, we will analyze the number of fossils from each species and the number of total species. By comparing each layer to one another we will be able to determine if the diversity of several layers is greater than a single layer.
1. Shrake, Douglas L. (1992). Excursion To Caesar Creek State Park in Warren County, Ohio: A Classic Upper Ordovician Fossil-Collecting Locality. Cincinnati: Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Geological Survey.
The Excursion to Caesar Creek book will be helpful since we are planning to go to Caesar Creek to do our geological investigation. The book contains many diagrams and maps of the area as well as the history of the layers. Moreover, fossil pictures are available to provide us with the background knowledge needed for our research.
2. Doyle, Peter. (1996). Understanding Fossils: An Introduction to Invertebrate Palaeontology. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
The Understanding Fossils book will show us the geological applications of fossils. It will assist in our search and understanding of evolutionary patterns and stratigraphy. As well help understand the main fossil groups, their important characters, and evolutionary history.
3. Davis, Richard, and Cuffey, Roger. Sampling the Layer Cake that Isn't: The Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Yppe-Cincinnatian. Columbus: 1998
This source will be useful in our fossil lab because its area of concentration is southwestern Ohio, which is where our data will come from. This will allow us to accurately match our samples with those identified in the book. It has very detailed descriptions and diagrams/photographs of multiple faunal groups, which we will be concentrating on. With these, we can determine the time period of the fossils.
4. Encyclopaedia Britannica Educational Corporation. "Study Guide to Fossils." Encyclopaedia Britannica Educational Corporation. Chicago, IL: 1978.
This fossil study guide will assist in defining some different forms of fossils as well as detailing how they were formed. It also mentiones the geologic time calendar and other pertinent information.
5. Brenchly,P.J. Fossils and Climate. New York, John Wiley and Sons. 1984
There is alot of information about Brachiopods, which is a very common type of fossil in this area, in a chapter entitled "Brachiopod growth and climate." This book also has information about coral reefs and how climate relates to the evolution of organisms
6. Feldman, Rodney M. Fossils of Ohio. Division of Geological Survey.
It is obvious how this book will help us in our research. It will allow us to identify and understand key facts about any kind of fossil we may encounter while collecting.