Our group prepares to leave Lighthouse Cave, San Salvador, Bahamas.
|
|
The Angelfish is a very important reef fish in many tropical ecosystems, especially in the Indo Pacific and the Southwestern Atlantic. These fish have disc shaped bodies, small mouths, comb-like teeth, and vibrant colors; they are of close relation to the butterfly fish. Butterflyfishes and Angelfishes are both in the family Chaetodontidae. Many characteristics (like coloration) of angelfish change between their juvenile and adult life spans. These fish are often disease resistant; they live long, and are known to make good aquarium fish. When the dominant male in the habitat leaves a female often undergoes a sex change and takes over the dominant male role. However, some species are known to be mates for life. The angelfish is active at day and sheltered at night. They are sometimes known as coral fish and are recognized by their amazing colors.
I believe this is one of the many important topics on marine fish. These angelfish can teach us not only about themselves but about the important relationships to all fish in the tropical oceans. Many of the behaviors and conditions of the angelfish apply to others as well. The angelfish particularly is interesting because of its many unique behaviors. However, they are involved in the universal conservation and preservation efforts of the tropical ecosystems. Most of all I think they are beautiful fish that can be very interesting to study.
OUTLINE
Introduction:
I. Classification
a. Family
b. Types
II. Anatomy
III. Range
a. Maps
b. Locations
IV. Environment
a. Cleaning Symbiosis
i. Definition
ii. Behavior
iii. Clients
b. Conservation Effectiveness in Reserves
c. Other Relationships to Reefs
V. Feeding
a. Digestive System
b. Herbivores or Omnivores?
VI. Threats
a. Disease
b. Predators
c. Human Environmental Impact
i. Human Caused
ii. Limited Ranges
iii. Vulnerability
iv. Population Extinctions
d. Species Extinctions
VII. Behavior
a. Sex Change
b. Courting Patterns
c. Self-Defense Mechanisms
Conclusion.
Hughes, Terry., Bellwood, David., and Connolly, Sean. Biodiversity hotspots, centres of endemicity, and the conservation of coral reefs. Ecology Letters. 2002: 775-784.
~ Frequency Distribution in the Indo and Western Pacific.
_______________________________________________________________________
Gerber, Leah.., Kareiva, Peter., and Bascompte, Jordi. The influence of life history attributes and fishing pressure on the efficacy of marine reserves. Biological Conservation. 11 September 2001: 11-18.
IV. Marine Reserves
b. Conservation Effectiveness
_______________________________________________________________________
Perez-Espana, H., and Cardenas, Abitia. Description of the digestive tract and feeding habits of the king angelfish and the Cortes angelfish. Journal of Fish Biology. 12 June 1995: 807-817.
V. Angelfish in Gulf of California
a. Digestive Tracts
b. Angelfish as grazers
c. Analysis of Stomach contents
d. Comparison of Two Pacific Fish
_______________________________________________________________________
Perez-Espana, H., and Diaz, Martinez. Feasible mechanisms for algal digestion in the king angelfish. Journal of Fish Biology. 4 June 1999: 692-703.
V. a. Digestive System in the King Angelfish
_______________________________________________________________________
Roberts, Callum., and Hawkins, Julie. Extinction risk in the sea. Environmental Dept., University of York. York, UK.
VI. c. Human Impact on Oceans
i. Human Caused
ii. Limited Ranges
iii. Vulnerability
iv. Population Extinctions
v. Species Extinctions
_______________________________________________________________________
Sakai, Yoichi., Tsujimura Chihiro., Yukari Nakata., Tanabe, Hisayo., and Maejima, Go. Rapid transition in sexual behaviors during protogynous sex change in the haremic angelfish Centropyge vroliki (Pomacanthidae). Ichthyological Research Society of Japan. 6 September 2002: 30-35.
VII. a. Sex Change in the Angelfish
_______________________________________________________________________
Sazima, Ivan., Moura, Rodrigo., and Sazima, Christina. Cleaning activity of juvenile angelfish, Pomacanthus paru, on the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, western South Atlantic. Environmental Biology of Fishes. Published in the Netherlands, 1999: 399-407.
IV. a. . Cleaning Symbiosis
i. Definition
ii. Behavior
iii. Clients
_______________________________________________________________________
The French Angelfish, Pomacanthus paru. The Conscientious Marine Aquarist.
_______________________________________________________________________
Angelfish Pictures, Available: Pictures
_______________________________________________________________________
The angelfish. (2002) PageWise Inc.
_______________________________________________________________________
Angelfish: Beauties of the Reef. Green Reef, Belize.
_______________________________________________________________________
Angelfish. (2002-2003) Enchanted Learning.
_______________________________________________________________________
Next Article
Previous Article
Return to Topic Menu
DOWNLOAD the Paper Posting HTML Formating HELP SHEET!
We also have a GUIDE for depositing articles, images, data, etc in your research folders.
Article complete. Click HERE to return to the Pre-Course Presentation Outline and Paper Posting Menu. Or, you can return to the course syllabus
WEATHER & EARTH SCIENCE RESOURCES |
|
OTHER ACADEMIC COURSES, STUDENT RESEARCH, OTHER STUFF
|
|
TEACHING TOOLS & OTHER STUFF
 |
It is 12:40:00 AM on Saturday, May 17, 2008. Last Update: Wednesday, May 14, 2003
Listen to a "Voice Navigation" Intro!
(Quicktime or